Efficient zinc extraction from industrial wastewater with novel phenyl phosphate for saline wastewater net-zero emission
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Release time:2026-04-10 Impact Factor:9.8 DOI number:10.1016/j.desal.2025.118926 Journal:DESALINATION Key Words:Zinc-containing wastewater;
Zn solvent extraction;
Phenyl phosphate synthesis;
DFT calculation;
Structure-activity relationship Abstract:Traditional acid phosphate extractants exhibit low extraction efficiency in high-acid environments, while saponification pretreatment generates significant volumes of saline wastewater, with the high-cost of industrial salt concentration and crystallization. Based on the "esterification-alkaline hydrolysis-acidification" reaction, the bis(4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl) phenyl) hydrogen phosphate [(C14H21OH)2POOH, D4TOPHP] was synthesized with purity of 97.38 % and yield of 96.46 %. Compared to D2EHPA and HEH/EHP, the conjugation effect of phenyl group significantly enhances the electron-donating ability of P-OH. It promotes proton dissociation and proton exchange with Zn2+, and the extraction ability of D4TOPHP is significantly improved. Through two-stage countercurrent extraction and stripping, 99.97 % of zinc can be efficiently recovered from zinc-containing wastewater, achieving effective separation from impurity ions such as Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, and Fe3+. To achieve the same extraction performance, the NaOH required for saponification pretreatment of D2EHPA and HEH/EHP is 4.85 and 8.12 t/t Zn, while the discharge of saline wastewater (100 g/L Na2SO4) is 86.07 and 144.15 m3/t Zn. D4TOPHP achieves zinc efficient extraction, avoiding the alkaline reagents consumption and saline wastewater discharge generated by saponification pretreatment of alkyl phosphate extractants. It dem-onstrates significant environmental and economic benefits, presenting desirable application prospects in the disposal of low-concentration zinc-containing wastewater. Indexed by:Journal paper Document Code:118926 Discipline:Engineering First-Level Discipline:Metallurgical Engineering Document Type:J Volume:611 Translation or Not:no Date of Publication:2025-09-15 Included Journals:EI、SSCI、SCI -
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