Diagnosis and treatment of varicose veins of lower extremity
Varicose veins are the most common symptoms of peripheral vascular disease. With the development of diagnostic methods and clinical research deeply, a new understanding on the morphology and function of lower extremity venous valve. Varicose vein is a common clinical manifestation of venous diseases of lower limbs, in addition to simple varicose veins, and deep venous insufficiency, lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and other diseases.
Causes of varicose vein of lower extremity
1 vein wall weakness and valvular defects
Whether it is simple varicose veins, or deep venous valve function is not complete, the risk factors are: congenital vein wall weakness and venous valve defects, leading to persistent increase in venous pressure
2 venous pressure
Usually causes more pressure veins, such as long engaged in standing work, in addition, can make any factors that can lead to increased intra-abdominal pressure increased pressure within the vein. Such as heavy physical labor or vigorous physical activity, chronic cough, constipation, breath hard and abdominal muscle contraction produced by pressure can affect the venous blood backflow and damage at the upper end of the great saphenous vein valve function.
Two, the clinical manifestation of varicose vein of lower extremities
(a) of lower extremity varicose veins
Varicose veins occurred in the lower extremities, can occur in the unilateral lower limb which left, see more, because the left iliac vein by right iliac artery oppression
(two) limb swelling and pain
Patients have limb soreness or pain, fatigue, occurred in the long station. When the horizontal limb elevation, acid bilges feeling disappear quickly.
(three) limb swelling
The worse the deep venous valve function, the more obvious the limb swelling. If lymphatic vessels are involved, and concurrent with lymphatic edema, the swelling of the affected limb is more obvious.
(four) complications
1. Superficial thrombophlebitis: lower limb varicose veins appear redness, burning, pain, along the veins can be touched a hard nodule or cord shape object, tenderness. If it is complicated by phlebitis, there will appear red and red hot pain around the superficial veins. The acute inflammation subsided, local left induration or cords.
2 superficial vein hemorrhage
3. Blood stasis dermatitis, skin atrophy, dry, scaling, pigmentation, oozing, itching.
4 secondary infection
5 blood stasis ulcer (old rotten legs): long healing
Methods three clinical diagnosis, varicose vein of lower extremity
1 age can occur at any age, but is more common in the elderly.
2 standing workers engaged in occupation, such as the onset of the shop assistant, textile workers, teachers, hairdressers, nurses and surgeons rate is relatively high
3 a history of chronic bronchitis, habitual constipation, abdominal tumor and pregnancy patients.
4 family history of varicose veins of lower extremity with genetic, often parents or siblings and a family of per capita suffering from the disease.
5. Incidence: if traumatic varicose veins of lower extremity, should exclude acquired dynamic venous fistula; if childhood limbs with varicose veins mass and associated with claudication should be considered congenital vascular malformation or congenital dynamic venous fistula; lower limb swelling first appears. After varicose static clumps of arteries and veins and should exclude lower limb deep venous thrombosis syndrome.
Four. Diagnosis of varicose veins of lower extremity
1 have a long standing and can lead to increased abdominal pressure history (pregnancy and pelvic tumor history, chronic bronchitis, habitual constipation, etc.) have a family history of varicose veins of lower extremity.
2. Patients with lower extremity vein was dilated and standing is more obvious; often associated with superficial thrombophlebitis, to late can ankle area and skin pigment calm, fibrosis, ulcer, etc.
3 deep vein patency test shows: deep vein patency
4 Doppler ultrasound examination showed: the saphenous vein insufficiency, or accompanied by deep venous insufficiency
5. Venography showed: saphenous vein dilation, valvular insufficiency, or accompanied by deep venous insufficiency
6 exclude other venous diseases.
Five, the clinical treatment of varicose veins of lower extremity
The principle of treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremity is:
1 promote blood reflux, eliminate blood stasis 2 Qingre anti-inflammatory, 3 limb limb infection control protection, prevent injury
Many patients fear surgery, thus believe some of the exaggerated propaganda, for example no surgery does not give or take an injection in the treatment of varicose veins and so on. In fact, the best treatment for varicose vein surgery is serious. Generally we adopt a great saphenous vein high ligation and stripping operation, use French patent stripping device, 40-60 minutes can complete the operation, surgical wound only 2 cm, the second day after the patients can get out of bed and postoperative day 5~~6 it can be discharged home. So don't worry too much about the surgical trauma and risk.
The symptoms are not very serious patients, we recommend that patients should avoid long time standing, proper rest and raise the limb, to promote haemal circumfluence, reduce limb swelling and prevent leg ulceration. In addition to wearing elastic stockings or bundled with appropriate elastic bandage is necessary, can promote blood circulation of patients limb well, reduce or eliminate heavy limb, fatigue.
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